Soil Organisms Effect on Leaf Litter Decomposition of Four Selected Plant Species in the Sudano-Guinea Savannahs of Ngaoundere, Cameroon
Babe Ndara Grégoire,
Massai Tchima Jacob,
Maigari Pale,
Ibrahima Adamou
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
13-21
Received:
25 May 2020
Accepted:
28 June 2020
Published:
30 July 2020
Abstract: Few studies were carried out on the influence of soil organisms on the litter decomposition in savannahs of Adamawa, Cameroon. The goal of this study is to determine the total influence of the soil organisms on the litter decomposition of four important socio-economic species of sudano-guinea savannahs of Ngaoundere. These species are Terminalia glaucescens, Ficus sycomorus, Hymenocardia acida and Daniellia oliveri. The experimentation was carried out in situ using the litterbags method in two plots, treated and control with the insecticide naphthalene. 72 litterbags of 10 ± 0,01g each one were incubated in each of the 2 plots during 24 weeks. A taking away of 3 samples of each species was carried out at 2, 4, 6, 10, 16 and 24 weeks. The soil organisms were also sampled at 12 and 24 weeks of incubation. At the end of the experiment, nine taxonomic groups were collected in the two plots during 12th and the 24th week of incubation. The control plot has a total taxonomic composition of fauna (9 groups) and an average of total density (426.25 ind./m2) higher than that treated (8 groups and 362.50 ind./m2). At the end of incubation, the total remaining dry mass is significantly lower in the control plot (9%) than in that treated (42%). By species, this remaining dry mass and the rate of litters decomposition differ significantly between the two plots for all the species, except for that of Terminalia glaucescens. The number and the density of the soil organisms obtained in control plot where higher than that obtained in treated plot. The soil organisms thus influence the litter decomposition in savannahs of Ngaoundere, but this influence is varying according to the species and the time of incubation. These results could contribute to the management of the fertility of the soil in savannahs in general and those of Ngaoundere in particular.
Abstract: Few studies were carried out on the influence of soil organisms on the litter decomposition in savannahs of Adamawa, Cameroon. The goal of this study is to determine the total influence of the soil organisms on the litter decomposition of four important socio-economic species of sudano-guinea savannahs of Ngaoundere. These species are Terminalia gl...
Show More
Oral Toxicity Assessment and In vitro Antimicrobial Profile of Methanolic Leaf Extract of Alchornea Cordifolia on Albino Rats
Komolafe Kafilat Adenike,
Adeoti Olatunde Micheal,
Olaoye Opeyemi Joy,
Olufemi Olutope Samson,
Adedokun Elizabeth Olajumoke,
Adedoja Sulaiman Aderogba,
Adesina David Ademola,
Abiola Adebiyi Oladepo
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
22-28
Received:
22 December 2019
Accepted:
6 January 2020
Published:
5 August 2020
Abstract: The ameliorative tendency of the leaves of Alchornea cordifolia has been reported against ailments ranging from conjunctivitis to yaws and certain parasitic infections. This necessitated investigating the in vitro antibacterial efficacy of methanol-extracted leaves of Alchornea cordifolia on hematological and histopathological of organ of toxicity on albino rats. The rats were randomly segregated into four groups of five animals in each cage. The groups were orally administered with 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg body weight and 10% Tween 80 control for 28 days. Blood samples were collected for hematological analysis and organs (liver and spleen) for histopathological analysis. The data obtained were analyzed by ANOVA and Dunnett’s test at P>0.05 levels of significance. Methanol leaf extract had a significantly higher inhibitory zone in E. coli and K. pneumonia ranging 35.00± 1.73 and 35.67± 3.48 at all the concentrations tested. There was no significant effect on hematological parameters. Liver necrosis was noticed in the harvested organs of the experimental rats. The liver sections of rat treated with 750mg/kg of the leaf extract showed cloudy swelling of hepatocytes and mild Kupffer cell hyperplasia. These results suggest that Alchornea cordifolia is non-toxic but has the propensity to induce hepatic injury at high doses. Conclusively, successful antibacterial activity at all concentrations and the slight pathological effects could be indicative low toxicity and high efficacy of this plant if taken at lower doses.
Abstract: The ameliorative tendency of the leaves of Alchornea cordifolia has been reported against ailments ranging from conjunctivitis to yaws and certain parasitic infections. This necessitated investigating the in vitro antibacterial efficacy of methanol-extracted leaves of Alchornea cordifolia on hematological and histopathological of organ of toxicity ...
Show More
Perspectives Culture of the Lophanthus anisatus Benth. and Peculiarities of Its Ontogenesis in the Conditions of the Lowland Zone of Transcarpathian
Кormosh Svitlana,
Vashchenko Vladimir,
Мytenko Innа
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
29-34
Received:
22 May 2020
Accepted:
15 June 2020
Published:
5 August 2020
Abstract: The lowland zone of Transcarpathia has a number of advantages and potential opportunities (natural and climatic conditions, economic and organizational prospects) for growing Lophanthus anisatus Benth. However, this culture is not widespread in Ukraine. The following issues remain unresolved during its cultivation - enrichment of species and varietal composition, study of morphological and biological features of plant development and adaptive potential of the species and obtaining high yields of good quality, regardless of the extreme climatic conditions observed recently. The article highlights the results of scientific research on the ontogenesis of Lophanthus anisatus Benth., reveals its economic significance and the possibility of expanding the scope and creation of a market for plant raw materials (spicy greens, medicinal raw materials) in this region. Based on the scientific literature and the results of their own research, the authors proposed a more detailed classification of the species of the genus Agastache L., which includes the species Lophanthus anisatus Benth. A deep study of the collected samples of home selection of the species helped to identify the features of the life cycle in the lowlands of the Transcarpathian region. The article presents the results of the study of the influence of the hydrothermal regime on the formation of anise hyssop and ecological plasticity of the samples of the source material. We have identified the main stages and periods of plant development and conditions that affect the formation of vegetative and generative organs of plants, which helped to identify the most adaptive samples for further selection of this valuable aromatic plant. We have created a competitive variety Pochatok with high: adaptive properties, quality of raw materials and a significant amount of essential oil for specific agro-climatic conditions. The issues covered in the article are important, valuable and relevant not only for this region in particular, but also for Ukraine as a whole. The results of the scientific research with anise hyssop show that the agro-climatic conditions of the lowland zone of Transcarpathia are favorable, and the cultivation of this non-traditional aromatic plant is economically profitable. In these conditions it passes through all the stages of its development and forms a huge green mass, the yield of which makes up 14,5 t/hа (output of the dry matter– 4,4 t/hа, еssential oil – 1.27% of the a. d. m. (absolutely dry mass). The level of profitability from growing and use of Lophanthus аnisatus Benth. makes up – 61,7%, the economic effect (additional profit) is 15732 UAH.
Abstract: The lowland zone of Transcarpathia has a number of advantages and potential opportunities (natural and climatic conditions, economic and organizational prospects) for growing Lophanthus anisatus Benth. However, this culture is not widespread in Ukraine. The following issues remain unresolved during its cultivation - enrichment of species and variet...
Show More
